For some reason your decription reminds me of
Star Hammer. Which I had many years ago on a CD, loaded with hundreds of shareware titles, together with Galactix actually, which I both played back then. The latter helped me also remember the former game which immediately came to my mind. The example music you uploaded also reminds me of Star Hammer, though I can't be sure - it's many years ago now since I last played it.
Conicidently, the full game also contains 40 missions, so maybe this is the game you had in mind?